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A total solar eclipse will take place on Monday, August 21, 2017. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A total solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is larger than the Sun's, blocking all direct sunlight, turning day into darkness. Totality occurs in a narrow path across Earth's surface, with the partial solar eclipse visible over a surrounding region thousands of kilometers wide. The eclipse will have a magnitude of 1.0306 and will be visible from a narrow corridor through the United States. The longest duration of totality will be 2 minutes 41.6 seconds at in Makanda Township just south of Carbondale, Illinois.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://aa.usno.navy.mil/data/docs/Eclipse2017.php )〕 It will be the first total solar eclipse visible from the southeastern United States since the solar eclipse of March 7, 1970. A partial solar eclipse will be seen from the much broader path of the Moon's penumbra, including all of North America, northern South America, western Europe, and Africa. This eclipse is the 22nd of the 77 members of Saros series 145, the one that also produced the solar eclipse of August 11, 1999. Members of this series are increasing in duration. The longest eclipse in this series will occur on June 25, 2522 and last for 7 minutes and 12 seconds. == Related eclipses over the United States == This eclipse will be the first total solar eclipse visible from the United States since 1991 (which was seen only from part of Hawaii),〔(Total and Annular Solar Eclipse Paths 19861-2000 )〕 and the first visible from the contiguous United States since 1979.〔(Total and Annular Solar Eclipse Paths 1961-1980 )〕 A 1991 article in ''Discover'' noted that "The total solar eclipse of July 11, 1991", that passed over Hawaii and significant portions of Mexico, "() the best anyone will be able to see from the (land ) until 2017."〔"The Great Baja Eclipse", ''Discover'' January 1991. p. 90.〕 The path of totality of the solar eclipse of February 26, 1979 passed only through the states of Washington, Oregon, Idaho, Montana, and North Dakota. Many visitors traveled to the Pacific Northwest to view the eclipse, since it was the last chance to view a total solar eclipse in the United States for almost four decades.〔"Thousands Go West for a Total Solar Eclipse Tomorrow; Data May Aid Energy Research Partial Eclipse for New York Best Types of Film Image of Sun on Screen", ''The New York Times'' February 25, 1979. p. 26.〕〔"Total Eclipse of the Sun Darkens Skies in Northwest; Total Eclipse Casts Two Minutes of Darkness in West Temperature Falls Sharply Learned of Weather Peculiarities Data on Plasma Sought", ''The New York Times'' February 27, 1979. p. A1.〕 Some American scientists and interested amateurs seeking to experience a total eclipse participated in a four-day Atlantic Ocean cruise to view the solar eclipse of July 10, 1972 as it passed near Nova Scotia. Organizers of the cruise advertised in astronomical journals and in planetarium announcements emphasizing the lack of future U.S. total eclipses until this 2017 event.〔"Let There Be Darkness, Please; When Mercury Is at Quadrature, the Social Director Is a Lonely Man For Two Extremely Short Minutes Everyone Gaped Into the Sky", ''The New York Times'', July 30, 1972. p. XX1〕 The August 2017 eclipse will be the first with a path of totality crossing the USA's Pacific coast and Atlantic coast since 1918. The path of this eclipse crosses the upcoming path of the total solar eclipse of April 8, 2024, with the intersection of the two paths being in southern Illinois in Makanda Township at Cedar Lake just south of Carbondale. A small land area, including the cities of Makanda, Carbondale, Cape Girardeau, Missouri, and Paducah, Kentucky, will thus experience two total solar eclipses within a span of fewer than seven years. The solar eclipse of August 12, 2045 will have a very similar path of totality over the USA, about 400 km (250 mi) to the southwest, also crossing the USA's Pacific coast and Atlantic coast; however, duration of totality will last over twice as long.〔(Google Earth Gallery for Solar and Lunar Eclipses ), Xavier M. Jubier, 2011〕 An eclipse of comparable length (up to 3 minutes 8 seconds) occurred over the contiguous United States on March 7, 1970 along the southeast US coast, from Florida to Virginia.〔(Total Solar Eclipse of 1970 Mar 07 ), Fred Espenak〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Solar eclipse of August 21, 2017」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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